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Microbiological Isolates and Clinical Outcomes in a Cardiology Department: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Session:
Sessão de Posters 51 - Circulação pulmonar, pericárdio e cuidados agudos
Speaker:
Bernardo Lisboa Resende
Congress:
CPC 2026
Topic:
P. Other
Theme:
37. Miscellanea
Subtheme:
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Session Type:
Posters Eletrónicos
FP Number:
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Authors:
Bernardo Resende; Didier Martinez; Tomás Carlos; Luísa Rocha; Mafalda Griné; Miguel Vicente; Ana Luísa Silva; Mariana Simões; Gonçalo Batista; Maria João Primo; João Gameiro; Lino Gonçalves
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Background: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Cardiology inpatients are particularly vulnerable to healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms due to advanced age, multimorbidity, frequent invasive procedures, and prolonged hospital stays. Despite increasing concern, data on the microbiological landscape and resistance patterns in cardiology units remain limited.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Purpose: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">To comprehensively characterize microbiological isolates and antimicrobial resistance profiles in a cardiology department over a five-year period, and to evaluate the clinical impact of MDR organism exposure on patient outcomes.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Methods: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">This cohort study included all adult patients admitted to a tertiary Cardiology Department between 2019 and 2023 with at least one microbiological isolation. Pathogen distribution, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and temporal trends were analyzed. Clinical outcomes included length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, 30-day and 1-year all-cause mortality. Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were performed to assess associations between MDR exposure and outcomes.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Results: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">A total of 896 microbiological isolates were identified in 616 patients, predominantly Gram-negative bacteria (61.4%). MDR organisms accounted for 24.4% of isolates, while extensively drug-resistant (XDR) organisms accounted for 6.7%. Exposure to MDR organisms was significantly associated with longer hospital stays (mean 37.0 ± 26.1 vs. 26.2 ± 19.9 days; <em>p</em> < 0.001) and increased in-hospital mortality (<em>p</em> < 0.001), but not with 30-day or 1-year mortality. A significant decline in HAI was observed over time (r = –0.977; <em>p</em> = 0.004), while trends in MDR and XDR prevalence were not statistically significant.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Conclusions: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Although a decline in overall HAIs was observed, the relative prevalence of MDR and XDR organisms remained stable, suggesting persistent selective pressure. Exposure to MDR pathogens was associated with longer hospital stays and worse in-hospital outcomes. These findings reinforce the need for targeted infection control measures, antimicrobial stewardship, and continuous microbiological surveillance in this high-risk population.</span></span></span></span></p>
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