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Curso de Atualização em Medicina Cardiovascular 2019
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A. Basics
B. Imaging
C. Arrhythmias and Device Therapy
D. Heart Failure
E. Coronary Artery Disease, Acute Coronary Syndromes, Acute Cardiac Care
F. Valvular, Myocardial, Pericardial, Pulmonary, Congenital Heart Disease
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01. History of Cardiology
02. Clinical Skills
03. Imaging
04. Arrhythmias, General
05. Atrial Fibrillation
06. Supraventricular Tachycardia (non-AF)
07. Syncope and Bradycardia
08. Ventricular Arrhythmias and Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD)
09. Device Therapy
10. Chronic Heart Failure
11. Acute Heart Failure
12. Coronary Artery Disease (Chronic)
13. Acute Coronary Syndromes
14. Acute Cardiac Care
15. Valvular Heart Disease
16. Infective Endocarditis
17. Myocardial Disease
18. Pericardial Disease
19. Tumors of the Heart
20. Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology
21. Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Embolism, Right Heart Failure
22. Aortic Disease
23. Peripheral Vascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
24. Stroke
25. Interventional Cardiology
26. Cardiovascular Surgery
27. Hypertension
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
29. Rehabilitation and Sports Cardiology
30. Cardiovascular Disease in Special Populations
31. Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy
32. Cardiovascular Nursing
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34. Public Health and Health Economics
35. Research Methodology
36. Basic Science
37. Miscellanea
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Improving Secondary Prevention: Vaccination Uptake in Acute Coronary Syndrome Survivors
Session:
Sessão de Posters 44 - Miscelânea: genética, estratificação de risco e mecânica miocárdica
Speaker:
David Matos
Congress:
CPC 2026
Topic:
P. Other
Theme:
37. Miscellanea
Subtheme:
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Session Type:
Posters Eletrónicos
FP Number:
---
Authors:
David Matos Monteiro; Bernardo Resende; Gonçalo Ferraz Costa; Mariana Salvador; Pedro Miguel Ventura; Tiago Garcia; Sofia Martinho; Lino Gonçalves
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong>Introduction:</strong> The association between respiratory infectious diseases and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is well established. Current guidelines recommend immunization in patients with coronary artery disease. However, real-world data on vaccination uptake following ACS remain limited.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong>Objectives:</strong> To evaluate vaccination coverage for influenza, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 after ACS in a high-risk hospital cohort.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong>Methods:</strong> We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive ACS patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit of a tertiary center. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, coronary anatomy, and vaccination status (influenza, pneumococcal, SARS-CoV-2) before and after the index event were obtained from medical records. Paired proportions were compared using McNemar’s test.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 126 patients were included (mean age 71.6 ± 11.4 years; 76.2% male). Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities were highly prevalent, and multivessel coronary disease was present in 72.2% of cases. Vaccination data were available for 92 survivors, as 34 patients died without reliable post-discharge information. For influenza vaccination, 42 patients (45.7%) were vaccinated before ACS, and 17 additional patients (18.4%) initiated or completed vaccination after ACS (p < 0.001), reducing the proportion of unvaccinated individuals to 35.9%, while 10 patients (10.9%) explicitly refused vaccination. Complete SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was documented in 41 patients (44.6%) before ACS, whereas only 26 (28.3%) remained fully vaccinated at follow-up (p < 0.001). In contrast, 42 patients (45.7%) remained unvaccinated and 13 (14.1%) refused vaccination. Pneumococcal vaccination had been performed in 26 patients (28.3%), with 12 additional patients (13.0%) initiating vaccination after ACS (p < 0.001).</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Despite high cardiovascular risk and substantial event rates after ACS, uptake of recommended vaccinations, particularly SARS-CoV-2 and pneumococcal, remained modest. Hospitalization for ACS appears to be an underused opportunity to initiate and reinforce secondary-prevention vaccination strategies. Nevertheless, significant improvements were observed in influenza and pneumococcal vaccination coverage, whereas SARS-CoV-2 coverage declined over time.</span></span></p>
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