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Age-related differences after cardiac rehabilitation: a retrospective observational study
Session:
Sessão de Posters 35 - Medir o que importa na reabilitação cardíaca
Speaker:
Carla Oliveira Ferreira
Congress:
CPC 2026
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
29. Rehabilitation and Sports Cardiology
Subtheme:
29.2 Cardiovascular Rehabilitation
Session Type:
Posters Eletrónicos
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Carla Oliveira Ferreira; Bárbara Rocha; Filipe Silva Vilela; João Faria; Sofia Nogueira Fernandes; Mónica Dias; Inês Conde; Carlos Galvão Braga; Cátia Costa Oliveira
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Introduction: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Cardiac rehabilitation is an essential pilar of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease, combining exercise training and lifestyle interventions to improve functional capacity, symptom control and quality of life. Its benefits on mortality, morbidity, and psychological well-being are well established. Despite these benefits, older adults remain consistently underrepresented in CR programs, with only about 20% of eligible patients participating. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the benefits of a cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) between older (≥65 years) and younger (<65 years) patients.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><strong>Methods</strong>: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 124 patients who participated in the CRP between June 2017 and April 2025. Patients were stratified into two age groups: ≥65 years and <65 years. Sociodemographic, clinical analytical data and data related to exercise stress test, such as functional capacity and cardiac autonomic regulation parameters, were collected at the beginning and at the end of phase II.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Results: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">The cohort had a mean age of 50 ± 12 years, and 31 (25%) patients were female. At baseline, younger patients had a lower prevalence of chronic kidney disease compared with older patients (6 [6.5%] vs. 10 [32.3%], p < 0.001). Younger participants achieved higher absolute METs and chronotropic index values both before and after the CRP, whereas recovery heart rate did not differ significantly between groups. Following rehabilitation, both groups demonstrated significant improvements in METs (younger patients, from 8.805 to 9.632, p < 0.001; older patients, from 6.015 to 7.522, p < 0.001) and in exercise endurance (younger patients, from 7:54 to 8:51 min, p < 0.001; older patients, from 4:51 to 6:34 min, p < 0.001). The relative improvement in METs was greater among older patients (1.222 vs. 0.826, p = 0.018). Improvement in NYHA functional class was significant in the younger group (p = 0.021), but not in the older group (p = 0.276).</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Conclusion: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Participation in a structured cardiac rehabilitation program significantly improved exercise capacity and endurance in both younger and older patients. Older patients have shown a higher improvement in their functional capacity exercise test when compared to younger patients, without significantly improving their NYHA classification.</span></span></span></span></p>
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