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Influence of Cardiac Rehabilitation Adherence on Cardiovascular Outcomes
Session:
SESSÃO DE POSTERS 03 - REABILITAÇÃO CARDÍACA AO LONGO DO CONTINUUM DE CUIDADOS - DA PREVENÇÃO AOS RESULTADOS A LONGO PRAZO
Speaker:
Mariana Carvalho
Congress:
CPC 2025
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
29. Rehabilitation and Sports Cardiology
Subtheme:
29.2 Cardiovascular Rehabilitation
Session Type:
Cartazes
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Mariana Ferreira Carvalho; Carolina Gonçalves; Margarida Cabral; Adriana Vazão; André Martins; Joana Pereira; Mónica Amado; Filipa Januário; Alexandre Antunes
Abstract
<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) constitutes a fundamental element of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease management, aimed at enhancing functional recovery and mitigating adverse clinical outcomes. Despite its well-established benefits, non-adherence remains a critical barrier, potentially elevating the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Clarifying the association between CR completion and MACE incidence, while accounting for baseline diagnoses, is essential for optimizing patient care strategies.</p> <p><strong>Objective:</strong> This investigation sought to determine the relationship between CR completion and MACE occurrence, while assessing whether specific cardiovascular diagnoses (STEMI, NSTEMI, or other conditions) influence MACE rates.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using clinical records of patients enrolled in a structured CR program. Participants were classified into completers and non-completers based on adherence status. Diagnoses were grouped into three categories: STEMI, NSTEMI, and other cardiovascular conditions. MACE, defined as a composite outcome including cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or revascularization, was compared between groups. Statistical evaluation was conducted using chi-square tests to assess associations between CR completion, diagnosis type, and MACE rates, applying a significance threshold of p < 0.05.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Among the 214 patients included, 160 successfully completed the CR program, while 54 did not. MACE incidence was significantly lower among completers (1.2%) compared to non-completers (11.1%), yielding a statistically significant difference (χ² = 8.34; p = 0.0039). MACE rates by diagnosis were 3.9% for STEMI, 2.6% for NSTEMI, and 14.3% for other conditions. However, inter-group differences were not statistically significant (χ² = 2.57; p = 0.462). These findings suggest that CR completion offers protective benefits against adverse events regardless of diagnosis.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Adherence to CR programs is significantly associated with reduced MACE rates, underscoring the vital role of program completion in secondary cardiovascular prevention. Although diagnosis-specific MACE variations were not statistically significant, enhancing strategies to encourage CR participation is essential to improving long-term patient outcomes. Future research should aim at developing targeted interventions to minimize non-adherence and further explore the influence of distinct cardiovascular diagnoses on prognostic outcomes.</p>
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