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Long-Term Impact of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Function
Session:
SESSÃO DE POSTERS 02 - RESULTADOS E AVALIAÇÃO DE PROGRAMAS DE REABILITAÇÃO CARDÍACA - DA PRÁTICA CLÍNICA AOS BENEFÍCIOS PARA O DOENTE
Speaker:
Bernardo Lisboa Resende
Congress:
CPC 2025
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
29. Rehabilitation and Sports Cardiology
Subtheme:
29.2 Cardiovascular Rehabilitation
Session Type:
Cartazes
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Bernardo Manuel Lisboa Resende; Ana Luísa Silva; Rafaela Fernandes; Luísa Gomes Rocha; Tomás Carlos; Mafalda Griné; Gonçalo Batista; Mariana Simões; Tatiana Santos; João Gameiro; Paulo Dinis; Lino Golçalves
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong><span style="color:black">Background: </span></strong>Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) is widely recognized as a cornerstone in the management of patients with established cardiovascular disease. One of the challenges in clinical practice is maintaining the benefits acquired during the CR program.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong>Purpose:</strong> Compare contemporary data on cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function tests at the end of Phase II and 12 months following an exercise-based CR program.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong><span style="color:black">Methods: </span></strong><span style="background-color:white"><span style="color:black">This single-center, retrospective observational study analyzed consecutive patients who completed the 12-month period post-Phase II CR from June 2023 to August 2024. Data were collected by a specialized multidisciplinary team. Continuous variables were analyzed using paired T-Tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, as appropriate. Categorical variables were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong><span style="color:black">Results: </span></strong><span style="background-color:white"><span style="color:black">The study primarily comprised males (n=19, 76%), with a mean age of 54.3 ± 14.6 years. The average duration of the Phase II program was 20.0 weeks (IQR 8.0). A statistically significant difference between the means of the two groups was observed regarding Peak VO2 (23.6 ± 7.1 vs. 22.4 ± 7.9 mL/kg/min, <em>p-value </em>= 0.046) and VO2 at the second anaerobic threshold (21.3 ± 4.1 vs. 19.9 ± 4.3 mL/kg/min, <em>p-value </em>= 0.046). Considering physical performance, significant differences were noted in overall physical performance (138.9 ± 48.1 vs. 130.1 ± 52.6 W, <em>p-value </em>= 0.032) and in the percentage of watts relative to physical performance (89.3 ± 20.1 vs. 83.5 ± 24.6%, <em>p-value </em>= 0.013), with a statistically significant association in qualitative assessments of physical performance (4/16.0% vs. 9/36.6%, <em>p-value </em>= 0.005). In contrast, there were significant improvements in bicipital one-repetition maximum (9.4 ± 2.7 vs. 10.1 ± 2.6 Kg, <em>p-value </em>= 0.008) and quadriceps one-repetition maximum (14.6 ± 4.4 vs. 16.4 ± 4.3 Kg, <em>p-value </em>= 0.003), while no statistically significant differences were observed in the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) (6.2 ± 1.2 vs. 6.6 ± 1.5 s, <em>p-value </em>= 0.083).</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong><span style="color:black">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="background-color:white"><span style="color:black">This study indicates that the exercise-based CR program did not fully maintain gains in cardiorespiratory fitness and physical performance in this population. However, the one-repetition maximum values and stable results in the TUG test suggest maintenance of physical function. These findings highlight the need for ongoing support and interventions to sustain rehabilitation benefits and emphasize the importance of further research on quality-of-life outcomes.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
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