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Teaching Your Heart to Heal: The Role of Patient Education in Improving Outcomes in Primary Angioplasty for STEMI
Session:
SESSÃO DE COMUNICAÇÕES ORAIS 17 - REABILITAÇÃO CARDÍACA: ESTRATIFICAÇÃO DE RISCO, IMPACTO DO EXERCÍCIO E O PAPEL DA EDUCAÇÃO NA MELHORIA DOS RESULTADOS DOS DOENTES
Speaker:
Ana Raquel Carvalho Santos
Congress:
CPC 2025
Topic:
J. Preventive Cardiology
Theme:
28. Risk Factors and Prevention
Subtheme:
28.1 Risk Factors and Prevention – Epidemiology
Session Type:
Comunicações Orais
FP Number:
---
Authors:
Ana Raquel Carvalho Santos; Ricardo Carvalheiro; Francisco Albuquerque; Pedro Brás; André Grazina; Inês Rodrigues; Tiago Mendonça; Luis Morais; Ruben Ramos; Tiago Pereira da Silva; Duarte Cacela; Rui Ferreira
Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Primary angioplasty has evolved significantly over the past two decades. This study explores trends in patient characteristics, comorbidities, quality of life, and the role of patient education in improving adherence and survival across three periods.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Methods:<br /> A retrospective cohort study was conducted on primary angioplasty data from 2002 to 2023 divided by three periods: 2002–2009 (Decade 1; 1,356 patients), 2010–2019 (Decade 2; 2,465 patients), and 2020–2023 (Decade 3; 1,155 patients).. We assessed changes in patient demographics (age), comorbidities (hypertension [HTA] and heart failure [HF]), mortality, readmissions (30-day, 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year), quality of life (Perceived Health Status, Daily activity), and education outcomes (Therapeutic adherence, Autonomy taking medicines). </span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Results:<br /> There was a significant increase in patient age and the prevalence of HTA and HF, reflecting a more complex patient population. Despite this, readmission rates significantly decreased at 1, 3, and 5 years (p < 0.0001), and long-term mortality showed a substantial decline, especially in 2020–2022 (p < 0.0001).</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Improvements in quality of life were noted, with Perceived Health Status and Daily Activity showing significant gains at 30 days and 3 years (p = 0.0007, p = 0.0008), highlighting the benefits of early intervention.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Patient education played a critical role in these outcomes. Therapeutic Adherence significantly improved at 30 days, 1 year, and 5 years (p < 0.0001), reflecting the effectiveness of structured discharge education and follow-up. Similarly, Autonomy taking medicines improved at 30 days and 1 year (p < 0.0001), indicating the importance of educating patients to manage their medications.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Strong negative correlations were observed between adherence and mortality, particularly at 1 year (r = -0.79) and 5 years (r = -0.60), underscoring the importance of education in improving survival.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Conclusions:<br /> This study underscores the critical role of patient education in improving both short- and long-term outcomes in primary angioplasty for STEMI. Despite an aging and more complex patient population, improvements in adherence, medication autonomy, and quality of life suggest that patient education is key to reducing mortality and improving recovery.</span></span></p>
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